FWSq x _     C?    ?   x ^   f$  |_?w    |      a0Í:cQх500F! \`^PGPc `0af5:cQх>hFqxDxEAAG.sЀ.0/#1V0UX#X\xDxEAAGhF`ۆcF"4 #*b<`Fs:Fu10

ka:cQх5͆00F! \`^PGPc `0a0/#1V0UX#XЀ,3h@GTx+*F,@.eɇH"<"#XTb4a``B#B \1ku10

 cF"4 #*b<`FzO1 \`^PGPc `10F! $H"<"#XTb4a``B#B ^h@GTx+*F,@/Ja4a``B#B "<"#XT`>0GTx+*F,Dh@ʘY`B#B "<"#XTb4a`:Fu10

k<cB "<"#XTb4a``Bz1ku10

 !Ѐ.0/#1V0UX#X^hFqxDxEAAG/@a0UX#XЀ.0/#1T1PGPc `10F! \`^Ђt#*b<`F#F"4 y0ƄqxDxEAAGh)cF"4 #*b<`Fz1ku10

 @Ѐ.0/#1V0UX#X^ä`^PGPc `10F! X/R a4 #*b<`F#F h00F! \`^PGPc `0YY`B#B "<"#XTb4a`鋌0ƌ,Dh@GTx+*#:cQх5p5ƄqxDxEAAGh2kX#XЀ.0/#1V0U"0u10

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 pcF"4 #*b<`Fr,ư! \`^PGPc `104aX#XЀ.0/#1V0U0u10

ka4 #*b<`F#F &hFqxDxEAAG.Qyх5:cQ\c1ku10

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kĭх5:cQX#u10

kcB "<"#XTb4a``Bb$`^PGPc `10F! X,p:cQх51ku10

 F4 1׍Ѐ.0/#1V0Uʛ6<`F#F :ƌ,Dh@GTx+*Yх5:cQX!'0F! \`^PGPc `06*b<`F#F"4 cUlku10

 ,]:cQх5Lku10

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k
4a``B#B "<"#XT`ku10

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k
X#XЀ.0/#1V0Uu'Fu10

kAcXЀ.0/#1V0UXT[Fu10

kLF4 #*b<`F#F S$`^PGPc `10F! X)cB "<"#XTb4a``BMV#0F! \`^PGPc `0
qj"4 #*b<`F#F UJku10

 X#XЀ.0/#1V0UwXZƄqxDxEAAGhX#XЀ.0/#1V0UsZƄqxDxEAAGh2#:cQх5\Zku10

 :cQх5Ynk0F! \`^PGPc `0*-cB "<"#XTb4a``BehFqxDxEAAG,@:cQх5@ku10

 O4a``B#B "<"#XT`GmǄTx+*F,Dh@ȔЀ.0/#1V0UX#XY?0F! \`^PGPc `0 ?   
  2       	             
 sO    p ID 	 
  3xlhtxyXTTXpXxt O    p ID 	 
   3xlhtxyXTTXpXxt O    p ID 	 
   xlhtxyXTTXpXxt 
   m{  3 ~A     (Y4 #*b<`F#F 鑁xDxEAAGhF`CcF"4 #*b<`FKGTx+*F,Dh@
o9:cQх5Ms0F! \`^PGPc `0
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kcF"4 #*b<`Fcd`10F! \`^PGPc ,l_#1V0UX#XЀ.0/[鑁xDxEAAGhF`?9:cQх51ku10

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LhFqxDxEAAG,N܌#*b<`F#F"4 `1ku10

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 	х5:cQT1ku10

 ɍ:cQх5%ku10

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k)'cB "<"#XTb4a``Bdd`^PGPc `10F! X,9X#XЀ.0/#1V0U+1ku10

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pɍ:cQх51ku10

 &4a``B#B "<"#XT`U0dƄqxDxEAAGhх5:cQYA0F! \`^PGPc `0'2cB "<"#XTb4a``Bdku10

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      333      xxx sss WWW  3   fffB=an)skDLoJU0Hd< Ź-W!ͯ>.GXZv 7[O"C#I|uMԚo$q-Z@#amN\{j*E\O6b  2    f'^    `JpCtrD#9dB` -                           `j58UԺ E    oQ  
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    "5C*%Sa'd³Wf,HʏqoyTZ&4jYALٗ5n4V}.N.b2xgd]lq^euP{i.l:F>9[dyS_      #D@=#ۍ^*'i:8u@)gj*{xEbқ+8Fs~2y6eX{5rd')
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%@ 5f;k\2TEIzZ5/r_5wmJU;P#kAbCGmiykUZ 5L,mkJ>0 iZ:QGZ+֙4B.AHIGm'~Y-cԊrNq@>5Ji2ծ-	++l P_|eUpx 5KFA<y!4vmL#h H7ml\mK;]5Olڕ6@S vW$mͩ   5hyۮ1Mtk]/)+ik,4.5Ϧ_`;Qo'vhնiNѻ;R?'    Eras Demi ITC ADPSTacefgilmnoprstvy    `?      ?
	 )qYX991k`   yyQAgXyq yH   !HyX` yyHX`Ag AgYAg`yAgj<Agq   xF  5    e`?     % >ͷ~s{?Ͷe*] <_5    @      	       ?    ?$    x ^   f$  >WB@   ?     Arial   	=    B5"   3f       ( daTextBox <P ALIGN="LEFT"></P>  !    rkJx  ɭ\3ӂ$  ?    V x^p  3 ( fff( ( "52HC7/Ei8G 	         @    ?   ! V x^hh  3 ( ( ( fff"52Gp<G$V8ČC	   "   !  @    2   # wر  3( ( fff( -uM|iV&#n 	   $   #  @   	^   %    Gw      &   7 up    & " 2down    & $   scrollbar @   /   % f39dS text   ; *  ) totalLines numLines daTextBox maxscroll scrollbar _yscale deltaHeight origHeight _height lineHeight maxScroll _y scroll <font size="14">PrecisionAg@NCState OpenContent and OpenPublication License</font><br><br><font size="12"><b>Part I. PrecisionAg@NCState OpenContent License</b><br><br>   A. The precision agriculture team at NC State University (PrecisionAg@NCState) have developed and<br>        continue to develop copyrighted works that are useful to the precision agriculture community.<br><br>   B. The works are intended for use as "open content" by the endusers, under the terms and conditions<br>        described below.<br><br>   C. This OpenContent license applies to the text, animations, images, videos, and case studies<br>        developed by PrecisionAg@NCState to which a notice of this license has been appended. These<br>        works are referred to herein as "Content."<br><br>Terms and Conditions for Copying, Distributing, and Modifying Content.<br><br>   1. The Content is copyrighted by or licensed to NC State University.<br><br>   2. This is a license that gives you permission to do certain things with Content. Any use of Content<br>        that is not specifically permitted in this license or under applicable law is not permitted.<br><br>   3. 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In addition to the rights to use Content under the terms of Part I of this License, users may also<br>       want to compile or otherwise arrange items of Content into works that are in the nature of<br>       courseware or printed publications (hereafter referred to as "Publications").<br><br>This Part II sets out your License rights with regard to creation of Publications.<br><br>Terms and Conditions for Publication of Content:<br><br>   1. You may create Publications from Content as long as you comply with the terms of this License.<br><br>   2. Publications may be reproduced and distributed in whole or in part, in any medium physical or<br>       electronic, provided that the terms of this license are adhered to, and that this license or an<br>       incorporation of it by reference (with any options elected by the author(s) and/or publisher) is<br>       displayed in the reproduction.<br><br>   3. Proper form for an incorporation by reference is as follows:<br><br>       Copyright (c) <b><i>year</i></b> by <b><i>author's name or designee</i></b>. This material may be distributed only subject to<br>       the terms and conditions set forth in this License. The reference must be immediately followed with<br>       any options elected by the author(s) and/or publisher of the document (see Section III. 3., below).<br><br>   4. Subject to Section II. 6., below, commercial redistribution of Publications is permitted.<br><br>   5. Any publication in standard (paper) book form must contain the citation of the original publisher,<br>       NC State University and the individual author of the Content. The publisher's and author's names<br>       must appear on all outer surfaces of the book. On all outer surfaces of the book the original<br>       publisher's name must be as large as the title of the work.<br><br>   6. There may be no distribution of a Publication in any standard (paper) book form without prior<br>       written permission from the Content's copyright owner.<br><br><b>Part III Terms Applicable to both OpenContent and Open Publication Licenses.</b><br><br>   1. If any part of this license is found to be unenforceable in any jurisdiction, the remaining portions of<br>       the license remain in force.<br><br>   2. All modified versions of Content covered by this license, including translations, anthologies,<br>       compilations and partial documents, and Publications must meet the following requirements:<br><br>      a. The modified version must be labeled as such.<br><br>      b. The person making the modifications must be identified and the modifications dated.<br><br>      c. Acknowledgement of the original author and publisher if applicable must be retained according to<br>          normal academic citation practices.<br><br>      d. 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These options are considered part of the license and must be included with the<br>          license (or its incorporation by reference) in Publications.<br><br>         i. To prohibit distribution of substantively modified versions without the explicit permission of the<br>            author(s). "Substantive modification" is defined as a change to the semantic content of the<br>            document, and excludes mere changes in format or typographical corrections.<br><br>            To accomplish this, add the phrase `Distribution of substantively modified versions of this<br>            document is prohibited without the explicit permission of the copyright holder.' to the<br>            license reference or copy.<br><br>         ii. To prohibit any publication of this work or derivative works in whole or in part in standard<br>            (paper) book form for commercial purposes is prohibited unless prior permission is obtained<br>            from the copyright holder.<br><br>            To accomplish this, add the phrase 'Distribution of the work or derivative of the work in any<br>            standard (paper) book form is prohibited unless prior permission is obtained from the copyright<br>            holder.' to the license reference or copy.<br><br>   5. BECAUSE THE CONTENT IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR<br>       THE CONTENT, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. THE COPYRIGHT<br>       HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE CONTENT "AS IS" WITHOUT<br>       WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT<br>       LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A<br>       PARTICULAR PURPOSE. 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If you are distributing Open Publication works on hardcopy or CD-ROM, you provide email<br>       notification to the authors of your intent to redistribute at least thirty days before your manuscript<br>       or media freeze, to give the authors time to provide updated documents. This notification should<br>       describe modifications, if any, made to the document.<br><br>   2. All substantive modifications (including deletions) be either clearly marked up in the document or<br>       else described in an attachment to the document.<br><br>   3. Finally, while it is not mandatory under this license, it is considered good form to offer a free copy of<br>       any hardcopy and CD-ROM expression of an Open Publication-licensed work to its author(s).<ont> scrolling frameCounter speedFactor origX _x needInit  initScrollbar   p     NG    < 	 d     O   N 	  
N     updateScrollBarPos   %   	  N    O                        N  N     r  needInit daTextBox maxscroll initScrollbar frameCounter speedFactor scrolling up scroll updateScrollBarPos down    0      NH           =     ?	         I    IL       NH +    NQO         	= Y   
IL    N  NH &    NPO         	=          P      _root _ymouse _xmouse up hitTest scrolling frameCounter speedFactor gotoAndStop down scrollbar origX deltaHeight startDrag updateAfterEvent    N   N     R (           R   N   N    	 R (  	        	 R   N   N    
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 (    $    toolTip  Go Back to Title      toolTip            )  @ I xP  q   * U  3 ( fff( ( "6gs6蹰*ș(@Rbcrgq	*7XRlv ja|d4 P   +  
 *    $    toolTip  Go Back to Title      toolTip           + }@ S4xP ?  ,  Arial & (    H1<Xgj'm 5jۄr^5xi82dv+
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@  
 @    @  U @   Y@     $@  U% )@  * /@   0 ?4@  U5 x9@  : >@   @ C@  UE %I@  J ^N@   P S@  UU X@  Z 
^@   ` Dc@  Ue }h@  j m@   p r@  Uu *x@  z c}@    @  U և@   @    I@  U @   @    @  U /@   h@    @  U ۶@   @    N@  UŅ @  ʅ @   Ѕ @  UՅ 4@  څ n@    @  U @   @    T@  U @   @   ?+     time years ~   
     G 
   Step1    B XHh  
    hh
  B :   C XEah 	    hh  C 9[e   D L8d  333 (c9: l\P
ـ+N:S L     fcz"ؽ:Pp@/   E `
 	8  3 (ç8g*N"%S' mt X   F L8d   3 (c9: l\P
ـ+N:S L   ˎEz-{    G LAx   3 *dd`I.F pk	ɀ'Fd   333   (1
xsbVMZ6.(lxbL vvPwqپވE/v H   H  ; D   E   NF   E   NG   <  
\i+U        H HX3 }   I  ; 7   9  K::   9  K:;   <  
\i+U      years  advancing           plantlife   play R  I (j3 [   J L8d  333 (c9: l\P
ـ+N:S L   a soP7h  @   K h  	8  3 "%ԧ8L'Zp@ N*D>R8jLc) [   L L8d   3 (c9: l\P
ـ+N:S L   a t8[     M LAx       3  (tt 01اUVccM[0i4X`)UXFF dki	 . qdk@	    a t8[  J   N  = J   K  n` L   K  n` M   <  
\i+U        N 3 Q   O yKE\a yKE\F (    fff777            -Z5,a[   Z5ేN  O  S   P yKE\K yKE\䈤)    ̙̙            -Z,aʄ)彠  Z%ేJSI   P  S   Q yK5\c%yK5\dRO)                -Y-,a┯:6 Yేkx)  Q  @       	f  R wX0              description2 Vegetation Invades and Organic Matter AccumulatesInvasion, growth, and death of initial plants contributes organic matter to the soil, which accumulates in a shallow surface layer, forming an A horizon.Weathering front, where R material is converted to C material, continues to move downward within the profile.  R 
  p  @   =
 =
@  P \ \@  	 { {@  1  @    @   # #@   ( (@   . .@  b 33 33@   R8 R8@  B q= q=@   B B@  "" G G@  $ L L@  ' Q Q@  s) 
W 
W@  + )\ )\@  S. Ha Ha@  0 ff ff@  33 k k@  5 p p@  8 u u@  : z z@  <    @  d?  @  A = =@  DD \ \@  F { {@  %I  8   S m*pm&U     2 P      % a       T m&U#    |  P   % wlF
.j|}@>}[5_	-U 7SE͒?74,؜ՂsV
R|K
V `^?k@鰻焷[?}6 X~ւZ6?X&}7}i 	C$p 	n   U 
  S  @  r@  8@  UU@  q@  9@  @  @  @  ?     T  @     U <T`Q @  K  @  N ף ף@  uP  @  R  @  UU 3 3@  W R R@  6Z q q@  \  @  _ ǅ @  a ̅ @  c х @  ff 
ׅ 
@  h )܅ )@  Gk H H@  m f f@  'p  @  r  @  u  @  ww  @  ?+     time years ~   d     G 
   Step2  B :  C 9   V _F!h  	    hh`  V 9H H HXe  = (je J   W  = J   K  n` L   K  n` M   <  
\i+U     3   W e S   X yKE\} yKE\E} )                      -ZA,cvi Z౎9 X  R   Y yKE\(yKE\9(    ̙f^R8            -Z7,axS%  Z9ేJ+Su   Y   yS   Z yKE\䈤yK5\eN )    ̙̙            -Z%,aҶtH  YేKS  Z   R   [ yK5\dROyK5\gl)                -Y,a/
t;d<  Yaే
N
  [    <T@        	  \ wXP0              description3 Color and Structure DevelopsA Horizon continues to thicken and darken. An O horizon may form as plant residues accumulate at the surface.Production and downward translocation of iron oxides and silicate clay minerals in the profile leads to development of reddish colors and structure development in the subsoil, forming a weakly developed Bw horizon.Weathering front continues to move downward within the profile.  \ 
    X|    <T@   O	 ~    <T@    8    <T@        <T@  	 F  	 	  <T "   ] V_Y        5+@WPٜ

h  :   ^ WB< H   f %!EW9IQ7T.M}͛.]
cş Jeo 	U   _  F ] (   ^  @  x@  P@  @  ?    F ]   @   a _ Qj @        <Txa Q`@         <Tpa Q @   =% i    <T`a Q @  t ) ُ t t  <TXa P@  e . I e e  <TP] _ 9Q o a P@  U 33  U U  <TH] 9Q a P@  F 7 ) F F  <T8] 9Pa P`@  6 <  6 6  <T0] 9Pa P@@  ' *A 
 ' '  <T(] 9Pa P @   E z    <T Y _ St ] 9P@a O@   yJ ꠅ    <TY S] 9P a O@    !O Z      <TY S] 9P a O@  " S ʥ " "  <T Y S] 9Oa O@  $ pX ; $ $  <SY S] 9Oa O@@  & ]  & &  <SU _ (Sy Y S] 9Oa O @  ( a  ( (  <SU (SY S] 9O`a O @  * ff  * *  <S؈U (SY S] 9O a N@  , k  , ,  <SЈU (SY Sp] 9O a N@  . o k . .  <SȈU (SY Sh] 9Na N@  |0 ]t ۶ |0 |0  <SQ _ Q~ U (SY S`] 9Na N`@  m2 y L m2 m2  <SQ Q`U (SY SX] 9Na N@@  ]4 }  ]4 ]4  <SQ Q U (SxY SP] 9N`a N @  N6 T , N6 N6  <SQ Q U (SpY S@] 9N a M@  >8   >8 >8  <SQ PU (ShY S8] 9N a M@  /:  Å /: /:  <SQ PU (S`Y S0] 9Ma M@  < J |Ņ < <  <SQ P`U (SPY S(] 9Ma M`@  >  ǅ > >  <SxQ P@U (SHY S ] 9Ma M@@   @  ]ʅ  @  @  <SpQ P U (S@Y S] 9M`a M @  A A ̅ A A  <ShQ OU (S8Y S] 9M@a L@  C 颅 =υ C C  <S`Q OU (S(Y S ] 9M a L@  E  х E E  <SPQ OU (S Y R] 9La L@  G 8 ԅ G G  <SHQ O@U (SY R] 9La L@  I ߰ օ I I  <S@Q O U (SY R] 9La L@@  K  ؅ K K  <S8Q NU (S Y R؈] 9L`a L @  M / nۅ M M  <S0 #   ` _ӈ         5.Pͮ  j   a _U    f # dM  f # dM$뽺J鈛oIQ7o
yłV\J_-@pEtp%4Fqw8F	   b 
 F `  H  a  @   x@   @   @   8 @   - @   !@   Z @   @  ?    F `   @   M b qL Q NU (RY RЈ] 9L@a L @  O ־ ݅ O O  <S M qL`Q NU (RY RȈ] 9L a K@  tQ ~Å N tQ tQ  <SM qL@Q N`U (RY R] 9Ka K@  eS %ȅ  eS eS  <SM qL Q N U (R؈Y R] 9Ka K@  UU ̅ . UU UU  <SM qKQ N U (RЈY R] 9Ka K`@  FW tх  FW FW  <RI b 1K@ M qKQ MU (RȈY R] 9K`a K@@  6Y օ  6Y 6Y  <RI 1K M qKQ MU (RY R] 9K@a K @  '[ څ  '[ '[  <RI 1K M qKQ M`U (RY R] 9K a J@  ] k߅  ] ]  <RI 1JM qK@Q M@U (RY R] 9Ja J@  _  _ _ _  <R؈I 1JM qK Q M U (RY Rx] 9Ja J@  `   ` `  <RȌE b (RЗ I 1JM qK Q LU (RY Rp] 9Ja J`@  b b ? b b  <RE (RȈI 1J`M qJQ LU (RY Rh] 9J`a J@@  d 	  d d  <RE (RI 1J@M qJQ LU (RY R`] 9J@a J @  f    f f  <RE (RI 1J M qJQ L@U (RxY RX] 9J a J @  h X  h h  <RE (RI 1J M qJ`Q L U (RpY RH] 9Ia I@  ?+     time years ~       G 
   Step 3  B ;5  C :E@ V 9U@   c XnAh  
    hh @  c 9    d XJh 
    hh* 	 d 9 1   e rmJ4S        %F
@a;eb[u` 
 e   H HX  = (j J   f  = J   K  n` L   K  n` M   <  
\i+U     e   f   jS   g yKE\9yKE\P )    ^R8dR            -Z9,aҊtH  ZేKS;`  g    "   h yKE\F  777 F|)ჼ0| h   j j  <RE (RI 1IM qJ@Q KU (R`Y R@] 9Ia I@      	 
    	  i wXP0              description4 Further Clay Accumulation Continued production and downward translocation of iron oxides and silicate clay minerals further reddens the subsoil and creates a distinctly clayey and well developed Bt horizonOrganic matter accumulation, which increased the thickness and the darkness of the A horizon, eventually ceases.Weathering front continues to move downward within the profile.  i 
  l  l l  <RE (RI 1IM qJ Q KU (RXY R8] 9Ia I@  n  n n  <RE (RI 1IM qJ Q KU (RPY R0] 9I`a I@@  |p  |p |p  <RE (RxI 1I`M qIQ K`U (RHY R(] 9I@a I @  mr "" mr mr  <RpE (RpI 1I@M qIQ K U (R8Y R] 9I a I @  ]t * ]t ]t  <RhE (RhI 1I M qIQ K U (R0Y R] 9Ha H@  Nv 33 Nv Nv  <R`E (RXI 1I M qI`Q JU (R(Y R] 9Ha H@  >x ; >x >x  <RXE (RPI 1HM qI@Q JU (R Y R ] 9Ha H@  /z DD /z /z  <RPE (RHI 1HM qI Q J`U (RY Q] 9H`a H`@  | L | |  <R@E (R8I 1HM qHQ J@U (RY Q] 9H@a H@@  ~ UU ~ ~  <R8   j VF   dM%_wf@ f   f  ff 5itvkojRۼm֡V[4:Ŵ5̯i6綣Q뜓i붓iFeu얏uݭ6x<P:?ʦWlK    k VFM  dM%TVo  f   f  ff 5@E]vGj
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   f  f %vݧڍGrMss_MuMu׳W\;PVη)Wwqm	qkJZdZE_kaw`C]BfVi6綣Q뜓i붓iFeu?U.sJU6\}oumCc6eҭƖY1VWZw]&P36ٕ wqFT?`"KqB$m$7aPq8'N'GO⎰);55V0b":YX7I8ָ=Y7Ux1g2oohUӦґ57PS|-АOS}A8M5?:oJx[cKs4gacۊhe$Z޲egǸV|{i|s|A˅cɽWSNNJD8F -   m G$W`     P dMdM$uf ~d    n WbX\0g``    
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, TMX<yEGтhʁsƄ@cPxЀ*0+(#1Z0Xҗ x;9)ssƄ@!x;9v@9B T1R5 x;9Y4F`v1rFR5 yX*jF`v1riWަLhʁsƄQX<yEGGɱ2F T`VQ`G`c |>PiK4 

,b<=QtjF`v1riUQ*jF`v1riU[R5 BQX<yEGGhLh@ǔXy-{j@      5*hv-EHX6_m4"YPCE]D[IgNWYZ;P@u]Yt.>  3     3 f    3 f"5MZKi\3FKOH3#-=4~t:Lj]#)3R0PFpTZJQW<wE|G|тi aDV0;	yQy%${FQ&4(5cFV|ҀμVqVg5MX[˥A3y6讕<5GlY,U[3PXc9eSv9N äyX*0{l<ZϪg4y\l@9sY۬4f0Em!V}{=Vu&L\@֑bg
J;@?Q`uOK=`X`05|{VtH=4>t}Vjw3̸#plnghy9, 	<  q  F <    j  @   @  k  @    l   m   n  @  r r r@  8 8 8@  UU UU UU@  q q q@  9 9 9@    @  ǅ ǅ @    @    ?     o  @ @ @ ?     p @      6@ q R0 easter_tree E (R0I 1H`M qHQ J U (R Y Q] 9H a H @    ]      <R0@ R(E (R(I 1H@M qHQ IU (QY Q؈] 9H a G@   ff    <R(@ R E (RI 1H M qHQ IU (QY QЈ] 9Ga G@  Ⴥ n Ⴥ ჈  <R @ RE (RI 1H M qH`Q IU (QY QȈ] 9Ga G@  х ww х х  <R@ RE (RI 1GM qH Q I@U (Q؈Y Q] 9Ga G`@        <R; q G @ R E (QI 1GM qH Q I U (QЈY Q] 9G@a G@@       <R ; G`@ QE (QI 1GM qGQ HU (QY Q] 9G a G @       <Q; G@@ QE (QI 1G`M qGQ HU (QY Q] 9G a G @       <Q; G @ QE (Q؈I 1G@M qGQ HU (QY Q] 9Fa F@   "    <Q; G @ Q؈E (QЈI 1G M qG`Q H`U (QY Q] 9Fa F@  t  t t  <Q،6 q qG ; F@ QЈE (QI 1G M qG@Q H U (QY Q] 9Fa F@  e 3 e e  <QЈ6 qG`; F@ QȈE (QI 1FM qG Q H U (QY Qx] 9F@a F`@  U  U U  <QȈ6 qG@; F@ QE (QI 1FM qG Q GU (QY Qp] 9F a F @  F Dą F F  <Q6 qG ; F@ QE (QI 1FM qFQ GU (QY Qh] 9F a F @  6 ̅ 6 6  <Q6 qG ; F`@ QE (QI 1F`M qFQ G`U (QpY QX] 9Ea E@  ' UՅ ' '  <Q6 qF; F@@ QE (QI 1F@M qFQ G@U (QhY QP] 9Ea E@   ݅    <Q6 qF; F @ QE (QI 1F M qF`Q G U (Q`Y QH] 9Ea E@   f    <Q6 qF; F @ QE (QxI 1EM qF@Q FU (QXY Q@] 9E`a E`@       <Q6 qF; E@ QE (QpI 1EM qF Q FU (QHY Q8] 9E a E@@  颅 w 颅 颈  <Q6 qF`; E@ QxE (Q`I 1EM qEQ FU (Q@Y Q(] 9E a E @ ?+     time years ~   '    G 
   Step 4  B ;i C :@ V 9U@   r XYh  	    hh!JX  r 	 	 d 9
 e   H HX  = (j J   s  = J   K  n` L   K  n` M   <  
\i+U        s   ٤S   t yKE\#| yKE\# *                -Z,a:   Zే*C  t   S   u yKE\P yK5\cыπ)    dRdR            -Z,aľt  Yేj|)8  u   ٤ ٤  <Qx1 q lQ@ 6 qF ; E@ QpE (QXI 1EM qEQ F@U (Q8Y Q ] 9Da D@      	 
    	`  v wv 0              description5 Eluvial Loss Becomes ApparentContinued loss of iron oxides and silicate clays from the upper horizons produces an E horizon above the BtContinued clay translocation increases the thickness and extends the Bt horizon deeper into the profile.Weathering front continues to move downward within the profile.  v 
  ʦ r r ʦ ʦ  <Qp1 lQ86 qF @ QhE (QPI 1E`M qEQ F U (Q0Y Q] 9Da D@   
 
    <Qh1 lQ(6 qE; E@ Q`E (Q@I 1E@M qEQ EU (Q Y Q] 9Da D@   W W    <QX1 lQ 6 qE; E`@ QXE (Q8I 1E M qE`Q EU (QY Q] 9D`a D`@        <QP1 lQ6 qE; E@@ QHE (Q0I 1DM qE Q EU (QY P] 9D a D@@   < <    <QH1 lQ6 qE; E @ Q@E (Q I 1DM qE Q E`U (QY P] 9D a D @  |     | |  <Q@1 lQ 6 qE`; E @ Q8E (QI 1DM qDQ E U (PY P] 9Ca D @  m !& !& m m  <Q01 lP6 qE@; D@ Q0E (QI 1DM qDQ E U (PY P] 9Ca C@  ] + + ] ]  <Q(1 lP6 qE ; D@ Q(E (Q I 1D`M qDQ DU (PY P؈] 9Ca C@  N 1 1 N N  <Q 1 lP6 qE ; D@ QE (PI 1D@M qD`Q DU (PY PȈ] 9C`a C@  > x6 x6 > >  <Q #   w _.W         5,8rߎC     x W<, dM    dM 3f  3f "5>Ubm7w6Ƚ4u;cL\pR0M7`r'f6Jecw;525bcZ@ܾhpyhpNLƌ^{,TtDALY*yʬ[DqlE0!GEzs-Z!iP@h"M鷬EbrI7Șdz~ds@    y W` g] N    dMdM  dMdM$fkQ%>6 C'j,q:MXJ:ħ&d-QU{ V/H߆'w[5 !@	ԵE]#~[ohԀ 'Rhavz u  z W<ϹoEin           3f 3f %\uEM:I4٠RY|ɍiriv'IH\m2S/q>/1i.&ǔx-A}Gl|x)s˙.
EM:I4٠RY|ɍiriv'IH\m2S/q>/1i.&ǔx-A}Gl|x)s˙.
   L#[̏n&`Cy- &l LL2bkfA5փ形 :  [&L ٯi_de	&) hu!=  E04
U.Mk\Egҏ 	 /̦j-IhS]@SF We]k(Wus`^Pb`	ky6hs2e`̀	LMl8a@ '@ dɖ 5m+̼ :dð9;'W 6&Jڂɰk4ȬQ > c]ybaTMR-ݪk
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@C7;]][L    { WT$֘pf|0R      3f 3f %]eID&U޹̈e5 H@syˀU&V}(Q"ʟYPX:z  *d|J7% :	&V ?ڀE"cd`	vW-0Y\ȃ!iY	Vv1~үL^BDR`J     | W<Ϡ dM    dM 3f  3f "5>ubm7w6ȸ;d;cL\pR0M7`r'f6Jecw;5251 n_|6vIH\m2S/q>/1i`7fja_2+Vo[b1/HG:j{&y̷Yhsǘ<APA3ȱ}c#2ǒ}`竬+ID&#Ϻ v  } oEi`
 dM dM5c !@	ԵE]#~[ohτ     3f 5'i_de?;+Lv 0ֺGt38ׄ)TTP_96pfJ> ' 4,{2lBl2ʐ	@0%{MuM]5v`,-]-́zC(fkkp	&Gc ڂ0u<ɖ6 &&J15WUWփ形 :  [&L @  3f %ykX`*b\[ fn畦 ZZ;,ɗڨ&& ?jZ}U|yK*& ʖAfʼY*:2R 	U  ~  F w    x  @  B@    @   \`@    y   z   {   |  @     @  33 33 33@  L L L@  ff ff ff@       @    @  3 3 3@  ̅ ̅ @  f f f@    ?     }  @   , ~ P 1 lP؈6 qD; D@ QE (PI 1D M qD@Q D`U (PЈY P] 9C@a C`@  / ; ; / /  <Q, P1 lPЈ6 qD; D`@ QE (PI 1CM qD Q D@U (PȈY P] 9C a C @   ]A ]A    <Q , P1 lPȈ6 qD; D@@ Q E (P؈I 1CM qD Q D U (PY P] 9Ba C @   F F    <P, P؈1 lP6 qD; D @ PE (PЈI 1CM qCQ CU (PY P] 9Ba B@    AL AL      <P, PЈ1 lP6 qD`; D @ PE (PI 1CM qCQ CU (PY P] 9Ba B@   Q Q    <P, PȈ1 lP6 qD@; C@ PE (PI 1C`M qCQ CU (PY P] 9B`a B@  Å &W &W Å È  <P, P1 lP6 qD ; C@ P؈E (PI 1C@M qC`Q C@U (PY P] 9B@a B`@  Ņ \ \ Ņ ň  <PЈ, P1 lP6 qD ; C@ PЈE (PI 1C M qC@Q C U (PY P] 9B a B@@  ǅ b b ǅ ǈ  <PȈ, P1 lP6 qC; C@ PȈE (PI 1BM qC Q BU (PY Px] 9Aa B @  Ʌ }g }g Ʌ Ɉ  <P, P1 lP6 qC; C`@ PE (PI 1BM qBQ BU (PxY Pp] 9Aa A@  ˅ l l ˅ ˈ  <P' ~ B , P1 lPp6 qC; C@@ PE (PI 1BM qBQ BU (PpY P`] 9Aa A@  ͅ br br ͅ ͈  <P' B`, P1 lPh6 qC`; C @ PE (PxI 1BM qBQ B`U (PhY PX] 9A`a A@  υ w w υ ψ  <P' B , P1 lP`6 qC@; C @ PE (PpI 1B`M qBQ B U (PXY PP] 9A@a A@  tх G} G} tх tш  <P' B , P1 lPX6 qC ; B@ PE (P`I 1B@M qB`Q B U (PPY PH] 9A a A@@  eӅ   eӅ eӈ  <P' A, Px1 lPH6 qC ; B@ PE (PXI 1B M qB@Q AU (PHY P@] 9@a A @  UՅ , , UՅ UՈ  <P' A, Pp1 lP@6 qB; B@ PE (PPI 1AM qB Q AU (P@Y P0] 9@a A @  Fׅ   Fׅ F׈  <Px' A`, Ph1 lP86 qB; B@ PxE (P@I 1AM qAQ A`U (P0Y P(] 9@a @@  6م   6م 6و  <Pp' A@, P`1 lP06 qB; B`@ PpE (P8I 1AM qAQ A@U (P(Y P ] 9@`a @@  'ۅ   'ۅ 'ۈ  <Ph' A , PX1 lP 6 qB; B@@ PhE (P(I 1AM qAQ A U (P Y P] 9@@a @@  ݅   ݅ ݈  <P`' @, PH1 lP6 qB`; B @ PXE (P I 1A`M qAQ @U (PY P] 9@ a @`@  ߅ g g ߅ ߈  <PX    W<, dM            dM 3f  3f #5>V6ϛd^:h1 q.dx)&ƛ9\tiA@g2ʙF11 n_|4k8Y4i8Udrd_\F|/=ɖ_Mc:" Ӈ*`7fja_2C+h7񭈱q#5Q2ea=R
\}c#2]6X=?Vq\reB*VTm!#Eb$L2n=?U2,~}    W` g]     dMdM         dMdM        "$3E5a(XSP!̵EU0_N_)8<TU^q|M$BGOe˕|M$BGOe˕  V/H߆'w[5 !@	ԵE]#~[ohԀ 'Rhavz@Q~UwšZ z^ :ߗeD]UQh@/eꇀ	x ~^Q u   W<ϹoEin           3f 3f %\uEM:I4٠RY|ɍiriv'IH\m2S/q>/1i.&ǔx-A}Gl|x)s˙.
EM:I4٠RY|ɍiriv'IH\m2S/q>/1i.&ǔx-A}Gl|x)s˙.
   L#[̏n&`Cy- &l LL2bkfA5փ形 :  [&L ٯi_de	&) hu!=  E04
U.Mk\Egҏ 	 /̦j-IhS]@SF We]k(Wus`^Pb`	ky6hs2e`̀	LMl8a@ '@ dɖ 5m+̼ :dð9;'W 6&Jڂɰk4ȬQ > c]ybaTMR-ݪk
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@C7;]][L     WT$֘pf|0R      3f 3f %]eID&U޹̈e5 H@syˀU&V}(Q"ʟYPX:z  *d|J7% :	&V ?ڀE"cd`	vW-0Y\ȃ!iY	Vv1~үL^BDR`J     W<Ϡ dM            dM 3f  3f #5>v6ϛd\qg1 q.dx)&ƛ9\tiA@g2ʙil֐7/vI;Mc|)8џreyꎈ4銘YZnWL#kb,F!i@Pd=Gu<yZp-H*/Fy<|ϬdfY[:ϬVq+8z X˕4~TBGO!ē|Mǧ*EϺ    oEi`
 dM     dM    "5cHPu-QvgH߆'w[1 vx ~^Qw|	H Qh@/eꇀ     3f 5'i_de?;+Lv 0ֺGt38ׄ)TTP_96pfJ> ' 4,{2lBl2ʐ	@0%{MuM]5v`,-]-́zC(fkkp	&Gc ڂ0u<ɖ6 &&J15WUWփ形 :  [&L @  3f %ykX`*b\[ fn畦 ZZ;,ɗڨ&& ?jZ}U|yK*& ʖAfʼY*:2R 	U    F w      @  B@    @   \`@               @     @  33 33 33@  L L L@  ff ff ff@       @    @  3 3 3@  ̅ ̅ @  f f f@    ?       @   "  hP ' @, P@1 lP6 qB@; B @ PPE (PI 1A@M qA@Q @U (PY P ] 9?a @ @   ڨ ڨ    <PH" hP' @, P81 lP 6 qB ; A@ PHE (PI 1A M qA Q @U (P Y O] 9?a @ @   L L    <P@" hP' @@, P01 lO6 qB @ P@E (P I 1@M qA Q @@U (OY O] 9?a ?@        <P8" hPx' @ , P(1 lO6 qA; A@ P8E (OI 1@M q@Q @ U (OY O] 9?`a ?@   1 1    <P0" hPh' ?, P 1 lO6 qA; A@ P0E (OI 1@M q@Q ?U (OY O] 9?@a ?@        <P(" hPX' ?, P1 lO؈6 qA; A@ P E (OI 1@M q@Q ?U (O؈Y OЈ] 9? a ?`@   ą ą    <P" hPH' ?, P1 lOЈ6 qA; A`@ PE (O؈I 1@`M q@`Q ?U (OЈY OȈ] 9>a ?@@   Ʌ Ʌ    <P" hP@' ?`, P1 lOȈ6 qA`; A@@ PE (OȈI 1@ M q@@Q ?`U (OȈY O] 9>a ? @   ΅ ΅    <P" hP0' ? , P 1 lO6 qA ; A @ PE (OI 1@ M q@ Q ? U (OY O] 9>a >@  | mԅ mԅ | |  <P " hP ' ? , O1 lO6 qA ; A @ P E (OI 1?M q@ Q ? U (OY O] 9>`a >@  m م م m m  <O" hP' >, O1 lO6 q@; @@ OE (OI 1?M q?Q >U (OY O] 9>@a >@  ] R߅ R߅ ] ]  <O" hP' >, O1 lO6 q@; @@ OE (OI 1?M q?Q >U (OY O] 9> a >@  N   N N  <O" hO' >`, O؈1 lO6 q@; @@ OE (OI 1?M q?Q >`U (OY O] 9> a >@@  > 6 6 > >  <O؈" hO' >@, OЈ1 lO6 q@; @@ O؈E (OI 1?`M q?`Q >@U (OY O] 9=a > @  /   / /  <OЈ" hO؈' > , OȈ1 lO6 q@`; @`@ OЈE (OI 1? M q?@Q > U (OY O] 9=a > @        <O" hOЈ' =, O1 lOx6 q@@; @@@ OE (OxI 1? M q? Q =U (OxY Op] 9=a =@        <O" hO' =, O1 lOh6 q@ ; @ @ OE (OhI 1>M q>Q =U (OhY Oh] 9=@a =@      I ?+     time years ~      G 
   End  B ; C ;*  V 9U@ r 
;@    XCh  	    hh 	  9@
 d 9 e   H HX J     = J   K  n` L   K  n` M   <  
\i+U           7    Vtp        5-zmn|tWM#!P'޷ 7     
                  easter_tree   play R   X` V    yK5\Kπ     EzӞ .c   |)r'  dR )?Y    ;    yK5\eO ̙ |)_:]m  YW|0^)      <O" hO' =, O1 lO`6 q@ ; @ @ OE (O`	    
 F `  H  a  @   x@   @   @   8 @   - @   !@   Z @   @  ?    F `   @   I  1> M q>Q =U (O`Y O`] 9= a =@   
